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Journal of Diagnostic Medical Sonography, Vol. 20, No. 2, 124-130 (2004)
DOI: 10.1177/8756479303261827

Congenital Malformations

Diabetic Embryopathy versus Trisomy 13

Ching-Hui Su, AS

Loma Linda University Medical Center, 12351 Elgers Street, Cerritos, CA 90703.soniasu{at}att.net; Department of Ultrasound, Loma Linda Medical Center, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California.

Glen A. Rouse, MD

Department of Ultrasound, Loma Linda Medical Center, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California.

The incidence of multiple congenitalmalformations amid infants of mothers withinsulindependent diabetes mellitus (type I or IDDM) isbetween 6% and 12%. This is two to five timesthe incidence in nondiabetic mothers.Congenital malformations associated with IDDMinclude craniofacial defects, holoprosencephaly,cardiac defects, caudal regression syndrome,renal agenesis, gastrointestinal defects, and asingle umbilical artery. Unfortunately, thesemalformations are not exclusive to IDDMpregnancies. Many of the same pathologies are alsoseen in trisomy 13 fetuses.

Key Words: diabetes mellitus • trisomy 13 • glycosylated hemoglobin HbA1c • holoprosencephaly • renal hypoplastic


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